![]() Furthermore, it aspires to replace the pleasure principle, which reigns without restrictions in this instance, with the principle of pleasure and reality. ![]() It tries to transmit to the id the influence of the external world. This is the psychic apparatus that embodies the world of reason and reflection. Moreover, they contain the basic and spontaneous drives of sexuality and aggressiveness. They bear the unmistakable stamp of the unconscious. For example, condensation and displacement. This drives the direct and immediate discharge of tensions and accumulated excitement and converging processes. They govern, without restriction, the principle of pleasure. In the id, we see our most primitive drives acting. It’s the basic instinct, the most ancient, elemental, and archaic part of our psychic apparatus. This concept was adopted by the field of psychoanalysis to designate the drive pole of the subject. ![]() ![]() Superego, Id, and Iįreud no longer spoke of the three instances mentioned above, but of the superego, id, and I. The ultimate purpose of both drives refers to the satisfaction of unconscious desire. Freud believed that there can be erotic feelings charged with aggressiveness or forms of violence saturated with sensuality. Indeed, both drives pursue the same realization or satisfaction of a goal. That said, they turn out to be two sides of the same coin. Given these diverse characteristics and manifestations, it’s clear that there are two unethical drives. For instance, sadomasochism and aggressive and destructive tendencies. It’s directed to the most unpleasant of places. It fights for pleasure, love, and sexual desire. He began to distinguish between two types of drives: In effect, he acknowledged his own failings and developed a new topic on this functioning. In 1920, Sigmund Freud made a 360 turn in his theory. The metapsychological change from the first to the second topic was initially driven by some findings from the psychoanalytic field. If we now return to our first question, we can account for something beyond the pleasure principle. Freud identified this force or impulse that guides the discharge as drive. In other words, it tries to discharge its energy and resume its lost pleasure. It disrupts the feeling of pleasure, as it’s momentarily lost.įaced with this irruption, the device responds in a manner approaching pleasure. Freud stated that tension is an energetic charge that occurs and generates a disturbance in the functioning of the psyche. These three systems come into conflict when a voltage invades the device. The pleasure principle, Freud’s first theory Thus, they’re located at the origin of repression.Īs we mentioned earlier, in the first instance, the functioning of the psychic apparatus is sustained in the pleasure principle. It prevents unconscious desires and the formations derived from them from accessing the plane of consciousness. It constitutes a kind of selective barrier that prevents the free flow of information between the unconscious systems, on the one hand, and the preconscious-conscious systems, on the other. In fact, a function without which the repressed contents would find no opposition to gaining access to consciousness.įreud claimed that censorship is a function that’s essential and permanent. In order to sustain itself, it requires the assistance of a mediating function or censorship. These three systems gave shape to the psychic apparatus. On the other hand, he saw the conscious as the recognized and accepted region, from where the individual interacts with the outside world and the people that surround them.įinally, in the preconscious, Freud saw contents that either become conscious representations or sink into the depths of the unconscious. These memories represent a conflict for the subject. In effect, they’re a set of traumas that have been repressed, hidden, and buried. Freud’s constitution of the psychic apparatusįor Freud, the psyche was constituted by three psychic instances:įreud believed that, in the unconscious, there are a series of psychic elements of deep origin. London: Hogarth Press.Freud used hypnosis as a therapy in his early days. Editor’s introduction to project for a scientific psychology. The neural basis of drug craving: An incentive-sensitization theory of addiction. The archaeology of mind: Neuroevolutionary origins of human emotions (p. Affective neuroscience: The foundations of human and animal emotions. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 7, 1–11. Just what lies “Beyond the pleasure principle”? Neuropsychoanalysis, 10, 201–212.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |